• a list of vocabulary items corresponding to elements in the picture
• some suggested lesson topics and grammar points for which the picture might be useful. (These categories are summarized at the bottom of the page.)

Look at our set of sample exercisesto see how these pictures can be incorporated into online (web) exercises.

We also have suggestions for ways to use certain pairs or groups of pictures.

To view or download a full-sized picture from the VPA, click on its thumbnail representation below.

Photo (Thumbnail)	Vocabulary Items	Topics	Grammar Points
	bottom, building, corner, distance, new, old, roof, small; tall, top, view, wood	everyday life -kids' house duties; lifestyles -rich vs. poor; urban/rural -urban;	agreement -adjective- noun, subject-verb; comparison of adjectives; tense/aspect -habitual present;
	blue, building, green, mosque, palace, sky; temple, tomb, white; in front of, on top of, on the left/right side of;	colors; historic/religious elements -Agra, Taj Mahal's history;	case - direct/oblique case of nouns and adjectives (singular);
	car, to catch, to cross, crowded, to drive, empty, park, row (n.), to stand, to stop, street lamp, street lights, truck, to wait, to walk	transportation -traffic;	tense/aspect -present/past progressive;
	clothes, clothesline, clouds, complete, completely, to dry, to fold, ground, to hang, rocks, rope, stick, to stretch, sunshine, washermen	occupations -washerman; weather;	case - direct/oblique case of nouns and adjectives (plural); tense/aspect - habitual present;
	factory, hill, mountain, residential area, valley, workers	urban/rural -rural; pollution; living conditions for the workers in a factory
	crop, to cultivate, farmer, fertilization, fertilizer, field, to grow, irrigation system, landlord, plant, to plow, to produce to ripen, stem, to yoke	culture -rank, age, class issues; occupations - farmers, farming;	relative/co-relative sentences (manner and time); subjunctive; voice/mood - passive voice;
	alley, bucket, clean/pure, to collect, dirt road, drop, to fill, full, gate, hen, jar, polluted/dirty, rug, shoe, tap, wall, well	animals -hen (domestic); urban/rural -water sources in India	relative/co-relative sentences;
	mud, raw house, rainy season	geography - climatic differences between the north and south of India;
	cliff, to dry up, floors, inn, mountain, rock; rugs, stairs, to go down/go up the stairs, to stop (at a hotel)	religious practices - pilgrimage	discourse markers; emphatic particles; tense/aspect -future;
	dough, to flatten, flour, to knead, to mix, to press, roller	everyday life - women's duties; food - Indian cuisine, cooking;	conditional; kuch and koii; relative/corelative sentences (quantity)
	boiler, dishes, to empty, to fill, sink, tap, to wash	everyday life - women's duties; food - Indian cuisine, cooking;	case - oblique pronouns; ko-postposition of the direct and indirect object;
	to break, to grind, to smash, shells, walnuts	everyday life - women's duties; food - Indian cuisine, cooking;	compound verbs; conjunctive participle
	to add, bowl, to clean, to cook, to cut, to dry, floor, green beans, lentils, mattress, peas	everyday life - women's duties; food - Indian cuisine, cooking;	compound verbs; tense/aspect - future
	attached, flowers, garlands, gods, green, hung, image, to offer, offering, orange, to pray, put, red, sacrifice, to sit, statue, sweets, trays, white, to worship; over, on, under, in between, in, out	colors; religious practices -temple-going, worshipping in India;	agreement- adjective-noun; locative/spatial relations; participial adjectives; tense/aspect -habitual present/past;
	apple, banana, coconut, to give, grapes, limes, mango, to need, orange, pineapple, to stand, to take, who, what, where; next to, in the middle of, in front of, behind	culture -rank, age, class issues; food -fruits and vegetables; shopping -seller-buyer dialogue;	imperative verb forms; interrogative sentences; ko-verb; locative/spatial relations; pronouns -2nd person sg/pl;
	arrival/departure, booth, to catch, crowd, to get on, passenger, pillars, sign, time-table, train; to wait for	at railway station - dealing with kulis, ticket purchase, eating at the station/on the train; religious practices - festivals; travel -train;	complex verbs ( puujaa, praartna, koshish karnaa); locative/spatial relations;
	bank (river), boat, coast, Ganges, to get on/off, to hold, to light, rainy season, river, to swim/float, to throw, umbrella, water	religious elements -Varanasi and the Ganges (religious significance); religious practices -daily practices at the banks of the Ganges, men's and women's duties; seasons - the monsoon; weather;	conditional; relative/co-relative sentences;
	to clean, cobbler, to expect, leather, to leave, to order, sandals, to sew, shoe repairs, to try	lifestyles - rich vs. poor; occupations - cobbler;	causative verbs; locative/spatial relations; obligatory constructions;
	ascetic, banner, blessing, ceremony, to fast, garland, holy man, to meditate, to make offering, offering, to pray, religious devotee, sacrifice, to sacrifice, shelter	religious practices - temple going, worshipping;	tense/aspect - progressive (imperfect ppl. + rahnaa), intensive (imperfect ppl. + jaanaa) and frequentative aspect (perfect ppl. +karnaa)
	to build, cocoa tree, mud, roof, shade, shed, straw, sunshine, to support	urban/rural - rural village; weather;	participial adjectives
	cow dung, to dry up, pile, yard	culture -castes and occupations; urban/rural - rural village;	complex postpositions
	to arrange, blessing, bride, bridegroom, bridegroom's party, ceremony, to feed, gifts, guest, to invite, to be shy, to wear, wedding	ceremonies -wedding; clothing; culture - wedding traditions
	black, blue, bride, bridegroom, carpet, colorful, floor, gold, green, pink, wall, wedding	ceremonies -wedding; colors; culture - wedding traditions	agreement - noun-adjective, verb-subject;
	bucket, to carry, to fill, electricity, power lines, to roll, stick, to take out, to throw down, well	urban/rural - rural village, water resources	expressing 'to need'

Grouping Suggestions

• Similarities and Differences: At the marketplace
• Similarities and Differences: Living conditions in the city vs. in the village
• Occupations
• Cooking: kitchens and food preparation
• Religious practices and festivals
• Wedding traditions

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